The bag filter plays a crucial role in industrial production by effectively reducing the pollution caused by dust and harmful gases generated during the production process. However, during the use of filter bags, issues such as mechanical damage and chemical corrosion may arise, thereby impacting their dust removal efficiency. This article will focus on analyzing and listing factors that contribute to filter bag damage.

1. Mechanical damage

The mechanical damage of the filter bag primarily manifests as the destruction and detachment of the non-woven layer of the filter material. This phenomenon is mainly caused by the uneven distribution of the dusty gas, resulting in increased pressure on the surface of the filter bag due to the filtered airflow entering the bag filter. This increased pressure leads to flushing and subsequent damage to the non-woven layer. Improper installation of the filter bag during replacement can also cause continuous rubbing and damage to the outer surface of the non-woven layer during use.

Alternatively, improper installation of the spray pipe, specifically if it is not installed vertically, can result in damage occurring at a position 30-40 cm from the outlet, leading to a reduction in its filtration performance. The specific areas of damage include the outlet, body, bottom, and base of the bag.

Filter Bag Mechanical damage

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1.1 Damage to the bag mouth occurs at a position of 30-40 cm from the bag opening, primarily due to the blowing open and detachment of the bottom layer of the filter material. This issue is mainly caused by misalignment of the spray pipe, excessively high compressed air pressure, and deformation of the flower plate. It is crucial to ensure high-quality installation during the filter bag installation process.

1.2 Damage to the body of the bag: The portion of the filter bag that comes into contact with the equipment experiences constant rubbing during the high-speed operation of pulse spraying, resulting in damage to the bag body, which is primarily characterized by noticeable wear marks. During installation, it is important to ensure that the filter bag complies with the specifications and size of the equipment.

1.3 Bottom damage: The primary cause of damage at the bottom of the filter bag is long-term wear. This occurs due to the small size of the bottom of the bag cage where the filter bag is installed in the bag dust collector, or when the purchased filter bag is too long, causing the bag cage to only support the bottom of the filter bag. During the filtering and cleaning process, the extensive operational range leads to damage at the bottom, or the failure to timely filter or clean results in excessive dust accumulation in the filter bag, leading to wear and tear.

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2. Chemical corrosion

The chemical corrosion of the filter material inside the filter bag directly impacts the functionality of the bag filter. When the dusty gas contains corrosive chemicals like alkali, acid, hydrolysis, and oxidation agents, the filtering capacity of the filter bag is compromised, leading to reduced filtration performance and its inability to effectively remove pollutants.

2.1 Alkali corrosion. Alkali corrosion frequently occurs in bag dust removal processes in chemical production, involving substances like sodium salt and ammonium salt. Chemical production often involves the use of ammonia water, sodium carbonate, and sodium chloride, which release alkaline gases.

2.2 Acid corrosion. Acid corrosion frequently occurs in high-temperature bag dust removal processes, primarily due to sulfur oxides. High-sulfur coal is the main raw material used in dust removal systems of coal-fired power plants. The dusty gas generated during the production process contains a high concentration of sulfur oxides. Under high-temperature conditions, sulfur oxides can readily decompose into sulfuric acid and sulfurous acid. As the gas passes through the filter material, it corrodes the filter material and disrupts its composition.

2.3 Hydrolytic corrosion. Hydrolytic corrosion can occur under conditions of high temperature, chemical exposure, and humidity. Signs of hydrolytic corrosion include the smoke color becoming turbid, a significant decrease in the strength of the filter bag, and increased susceptibility to tearing. After the occurrence of hydrolytic corrosion, PPS fibers and polyacrylonitrile copolymers are commonly used to replace the corroded fibers.

2.4 Oxidative corrosion. Dusty air contains a certain amount of oxidants. When it passes through the filter material, the oxidants corrode the filter material, particularly PPS-type filters. The main oxidants that corrode PPS filters include oxygen, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and concentrated sulfuric acid. After oxidative corrosion, the color of PPS fibers changes and becomes brittle, with no visible difference in appearance, but its strength is severely compromised. Long-term oxidative corrosion not only shortens the lifespan of the filter material but also reduces its filtering effectiveness.

Oxidative Corrosion

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3. High Temperature Burning

Under high-temperature conditions, the filter bag experiences significant shrinkage, severe hardening, and in extreme cases, the surface structure of the filter bag may be destroyed. This is primarily caused by temperatures surpassing the filter bag's tolerance range, leading to damage to its surface structure. The specific conditions for high-temperature burning include high-temperature smoke and high-temperature particles.

In summary, both mechanical damage and chemical corrosion can have different degrees of impact on the operational efficiency of bag filters, and even reduce their filtration performance. Therefore, strict adherence to operational procedures is necessary during the installation and maintenance process of the filter bag to ensure its long-term good condition and effective dust removal function.